Você já ouviu falar em cifose? Para começar, é preciso compreender um pouco mais sobre a coluna vertebral. Quado ela é observada de frente, aparenta ser reta. Porém, quando avaliada de perfil, pode-se notar que apresenta algumas curvaturas, que são consideradas normais e conferem o aspecto de um S.
Essas curvaturas são fisiológicas e são essenciais para o bom funcionamento do corpo humano e para que o equilíbrio seja mantido. Porém, às vezes, essa curvatura não apresenta o formato esperado. É isso que acontece quando a pessoa tem cifose, no caso subtende-se hipercifose. Pois, cifose é a curvatura fisiológica, normal.
O que é cifose (hipercifose) ? O que causa?
Cifose (hipercifose) é quando a coluna não tem um formato esperado e há um aumento da curvatura nas regiões torácica, para trás, no sentido ântero-posterior, dando o aspecto do que é chamado popularmente como corcunda.
A principal característica da pessoa que tem cifose (hipercifose) é possuir as costas abauladas, resultantes do aumento exagerado da curvatura da coluna. Com o abaulamento, a cabeça, os ombros e o pescoço são projetados para frente.
A postura errada, tanto na hora de trabalhar quanto nos momentos de diversão, pode causar a cifose (hipercifose) . O enfraquecimento da musculatura e a falta de condicionamento físico também podem dar origem à doença.
A deformação da coluna pode ainda ser secundária à doenças como:
- Osteoporose;
- Osteocondrose espinhal;
- Espondilite anquilosante;
- Poliomielite;
- Tuberculose, entre outras.
A doença pode se manifestar em pessoas de qualquer idade, mas é mais comum na adolescência e raramente em bebês recém-nascidos.
A deformação acontece aos poucos e nem sempre é acompanhada de sintomas. No geral, os sinais só são apresentados quando o quadro já está mais evoluído. Nesses casos, o indivíduo se queixa de fadiga, dores e rigidez da coluna.
Como é feito o diagnóstico de cifose (hipercifose)?
Além do exame físico, com observação da coluna de perfil, de frente e de costas, o médico poderá solicitar exames de raios X da coluna para concluir o diagnóstico.
Com a radiografia em mãos será possível confirmar a existência do desvio da coluna e mensurar o grau das curvaturas. Além disso, o profissional poderá verificar se há lesões em discos e as articulações.
Em alguns casos específicos, o ortopedista poderá solicitar também a tomografia computadorizada com ressonância magnética antes de determinar o melhor tratamento.
Tratamento da cifose
O tratamento varia muito de acordo com o grau do desvio, da origem do problema, da idade do paciente e a intensidade da dor.
No geral, o tratamento tem como principal objetivo interromper a progressão da doença e melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente, ao amenizar os sintomas.
Caso haja uma doença causadora da cifose (hipercifose), isto é, se ela não for resultante da má postura, a patologia precursora deverá ser tratada. Pode ser necessário também perder peso, em caso de obesidade.
No geral, o tratamento da cifose (hipercifose) se dá através da fisioterapia, que ajuda no fortalecimento da musculatura. Uma das técnicas aplicadas é a de R.P.G – Reeducação Postural Global, com objetivo de reeducar a postura através da conscientização, reequilibrar as cadeias musculares e consequentemente aliviar as dores entre outros.
O uso de coletes ortopédicos, palmilhas especiais e de analgésicos também é frequente.
Para saber mais, sobre os serviços oferecidos acesse nosso site: www.soniatakara.com.br e, caso fique alguma dúvida, entre em contato conosco!
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