A cervicalgia é caracterizada por dores na coluna cervical, localizada na região do pescoço, sendo considerado um problema muito comum. Estima-se que 55% da população brasileira sofrerá deste mal em algum momento da vida.
Possíveis causas
Geralmente, as causas dessa doença estão associadas a comportamentos que as pessoas têm ao longo da vida, como postura inadequada, movimentos repetitivos ou prolongados e esforço exagerado. Por ser uma região de maior mobilidade, o pescoço está mais sujeito a sofrer lesões e impactos que também podem acarretar dores na coluna cervical.
Além das dores, a cervicalgia pode provocar espasmos musculares, contraturas musculares, rigidez no pescoço e dificuldades para movimentos básicos. Em alguns casos, a doença afeta, ainda, os membros superiores causando dor, dormência e até perda da força muscular (cervicobraquialgia).
Tratamento
O médico pode diagnosticar a doença, por meio de exames clínicos e de imagem e assim, indicar os melhores tratamentos a serem adotados. O tratamento, inicialmente, costuma ser feito a partir do uso de medicamentos analgésicos e antiinflamatórios, no entanto, para obter resultados mais eficazes e duradouros, recomenda-se tratar a causa do problema e não somente os sintomas.
Dessa forma, o médico pode encaminhar o paciente para avaliação e acompanhamento com um fisioterapeuta.
Vale lembrar que dores na região do pescoço podem ter outras causas associadas como por ex. Problemas de ATM (Articulação Têmporo Mandibular- bruxismo, entre outros), problemas emocionais (quando o caso for crônico), muitas vezes haverá a necessidade de acompanhamento de equipe multidisciplinar (dentistas, psicólogos…)
Fisioterapia no tratamento da cervicalgia
A fisioterapia visa recuperar pacientes com limitações físicas e motoras ocasionadas por doenças ou traumas. Sendo assim, a fisioterapia pode ser uma importante aliada no tratamento de doenças como a cervicalgia, auxiliando na reabilitação funcional do paciente.
O fisioterapeuta fará uma análise detalhada das condições físicas e posturais do paciente e então, especificará quais recursos fisioterapêuticos serão utilizadas e por quanto tempo o tratamento será indicado.
O uso da fisioterapia em pacientes portadores de cervicalgia geralmente está pautado em quatro objetivos principais:
- aliviar a dor;
- relaxar toda musculatura que está tensa;
- recuperar os movimentos limitados e fortalecer a musculatura da região da coluna cervical;
- correção da postura
Esses resultados podem ser alcançados por meio de recursos terapêuticos, conheça a seguir, os mais utilizados:
Termoterapia: Utilização de propriedades quentes e frias para auxiliar na recuperação local.
Eletroterapia: Utilização de impulsos elétricos que ajudam na diminuição da inflamação, no combate a dor e até no fortalecimento e tonificação dos músculos.
Terapia manual: Conjunto de técnicas de mobilização muscular e articular que tem como objetivo relaxar, amenizar a dor e recuperar os movimentos restringidos. Por ex. massoterapia, liberação miofascial, massagem reflexa, pompage entre outros.
Cinesioterapia: Execução de movimentos que estimulam a restauração da mobilidade funcional.
Reeducação postural: Como mencionado, boa parte das dores no pescoço é causada por hábito postural incorreto, portanto o fisioterapeuta pode ajudar no realinhamento da postura, corrigir possíveis vícios e orientar quanto a adequações ergonômicas.
Acupuntura: Utilização de finas agulhas descartáveis, laser, eletroestimulação que auxilia no alívio da dor e melhora da mobilidade local.
A continuidade e regularidade no comparecimento às sessões de fisioterapia somando-se a correções de vícios posturais incorretos no dia-a-dia é um fator importante para se obter uma total recuperação de quem sofre com dores em coluna cervical.
Para conhecer mais sobre nossos serviços, acesse nosso site: www.soniatakara.com.br . Se preferir, você pode entrar em contato pelo telefone: (11) 4777-9311.
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